Background: Low-dose aspirin therapy could improve remodelling of maternal spiral arteries during early placentation and prevent subsequent pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. We investigated whether low-dose aspirin therapy reduces the incidence of hypertensive pregnancy complications in unselected IVF and ICSI patients when medication was started prior to pregnancy.
Methods: A total of 487 patients who underwent IVF/ICSI were randomized to receive 100 mg aspirin (n = 242) or placebo (n = 245) daily, starting on the first day of gonadotrophin stimulation. Pregnant women continued the medication until delivery. A total of 107 patients (52 with aspirin and 55 with placebo) experienced live birth and were included in this follow-up study. The main outcome measure was the incidence of hypertensive pregnancy complications.
Results: Embryo transfer took place in 227 (94%) women in the aspirin group and in 229 (93%) women in the placebo group. The live birth rate between the aspirin (22.9%) and placebo (24.0%) groups did not differ significantly (P = 0.78). The overall incidence of hypertensive pregnancy complications was 15.4% (8/52) in the aspirin group and 18.2% (10/55) in the placebo group (P = 0.70, 95% confidence interval for the difference of proportions -17 to 11%). There were two cases of severe pre-eclampsia in the aspirin group and three cases in the placebo group.
Conclusions: In the present study, the incidence of hypertensive pregnancy complications did not differ statistically significantly between low-dose aspirin and placebo groups in unselected IVF/ICSI patients, when medication was started concomitantly with gonadotrophin stimulation and continued until delivery. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov. NCT00683202.