Toxicity associated with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer before and after an institutional policy of capecitabine dose reduction

Br J Cancer. 2011 Jan 4;104(1):43-50. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605995. Epub 2010 Nov 9.

Abstract

Background: Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) is an established treatment option in colorectal cancer, but can be associated with severe toxicities.

Methods: Following reporting of severe diarrhoea and dehydration with capecitabine 2000 mg m(-2) per day plus oxaliplatin every 3 weeks (CAPOX 2000) in 2006, we instituted a policy change to reduce capecitabine dose to 1700 mg m(-2) per day (CAPOX 1700). We undertook a retrospective analysis comparing toxicities encountered before and after this dose change.

Results: Of the 400 patients treated, no significant differences were seen between the CAPOX 2000 and CAPOX 1700 in grades 3 and 4 diarrhoea (21% vs 19%; P=0.80), stomatitis (0% vs 1%; P=0.50) or grades 2-4 hand foot syndrome (16% vs 11%; P=0.18). Grades 3 and 4 neutropenia (9.5% vs 3.5%; P=0.03) and all grades hyperbilirubinaemia (60% vs 40%; P<0.0001) were significantly reduced with CAPOX 1700. Rates of hospitalisation due to toxicities were not different between two groups (13% vs 11%; P=0.53).

Conclusions: No clinically or statistically significant differences in gastrointestinal toxicities or hospitalisation rate were seen after reducing our routine capecitabine dose from CAPOX 2000 to CAPOX 1700.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects*
  • Capecitabine
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil / analogs & derivatives
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Capecitabine
  • Fluorouracil