Dietary calcium phosphate content and oat β-glucan influence gastrointestinal microbiota, butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate fermentation in weaned pigs

FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2011 Mar;75(3):402-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.01017.x. Epub 2010 Dec 17.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oat β-glucan in combination with low- and high-dietary calcium phosphate (CaP) content on gastrointestinal bacterial microbiota, prevalence of butyrate-production pathway genes and fermentation end-products in 32 weaned pigs allocated to four diets: a cornstarch-casein-based diet with low [65% of the calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) requirement] and high CaP content (125% and 115% of the Ca and P requirement, respectively); and low and high CaP diets supplemented with 8.95% of oat β-glucan concentrate. Pigs were slaughtered after 14 days, and digesta were collected for quantitative PCR analysis, and quantification of short-chain fatty acids and lactate. The high CaP content reduced gastric lactate and streptococci and propionate in the large intestine. Oat β-glucan distinctly raised gastric bacterial numbers, and colonic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Although not reflected by gene copies of butyrate-production pathway genes, oat β-glucan also increased gastric, caecal and colonic butyrate concentrations, which may be favourable for intestinal development in weaned pigs. Thus, a high CaP content negatively affected the intestinal abundance of certain fermentation end-products, whereas oat β-glucan generally enhanced bacterial numbers and activity. The results emphasize the importance of the stomach for bacterial metabolism of oat β-glucan in weaned pigs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Avena / metabolism
  • Bacteria / classification
  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Bacteria / metabolism*
  • Butyrates / metabolism*
  • Calcium Phosphates / metabolism*
  • Calcium, Dietary / metabolism*
  • Diet / veterinary
  • Fatty Acids, Volatile / analysis
  • Fermentation*
  • Gastrointestinal Contents / chemistry
  • Gastrointestinal Contents / microbiology
  • Gastrointestinal Tract / microbiology*
  • Gene Dosage
  • Lactic Acid / analysis
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Random Allocation
  • Swine
  • Weaning
  • beta-Glucans / metabolism*

Substances

  • Butyrates
  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Fatty Acids, Volatile
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  • beta-Glucans
  • Lactic Acid
  • calcium phosphate