Exploitation of herpesviral transactivation allows quantitative reporter gene-based assessment of virus entry and neutralization

PLoS One. 2011 Jan 17;6(1):e14532. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014532.

Abstract

Herpesviral entry is a highly elaborated process requiring many proteins to act in precise conjunction. Neutralizing antibodies interfere with this process to abrogate viral infection. Based on promoter transactivation of a reporter gene we established a novel method to quantify herpesvirus entry and neutralization by antibodies. Following infection with mouse and human cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus 1 we observed promoter transactivation resulting in substantial luciferase expression (>1000-fold). No induction was elicited by UV-inactivated viruses. The response was MOI-dependent and immunoblots confirmed a correlation between luciferase induction and pp72-IE1 expression. Monoclonal antibodies, immune sera and purified immunoglobulin preparations decreased virus-dependent luciferase induction dose-dependently, qualifying this approach as surrogate virus neutralization test. Besides the reduced hands-on time, this assay allows analysis of herpesvirus entry in semi-permissive and non-adherent cells, which were previously non-assessable but play significant roles in herpesvirus pathology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antigen-Antibody Reactions*
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / genetics*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / immunology
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / physiology
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Muromegalovirus
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Transcriptional Activation*
  • Virus Internalization*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral