Evaluation of the potential protective effects of ad libitum black grape juice against liver oxidative damage in whole-body acute X-irradiated rats

Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Apr;49(4):1026-32. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.01.011. Epub 2011 Jan 23.

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of ad libitum black grape (Vitis labrusca) juice against liver oxidative damage in whole-body acute X-irradiated rats.

Main methods: Animals were fed ad libitum and drank voluntarily black grape juice or placebo (isocaloric glucose and fructose solution) for 6 days before and 15 days following a 6 Gy X-irradiation from a 200 kV machine.

Key findings: Irradiated animals receiving placebo showed a significant increase in the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of lipid peroxidation, as well as a significant decrease in both Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reduced glutathione concentration (GSH). Black grape juice supplementation resulted in a reversal of lipid peroxidation, Cu/ZnSOD activity, and GSH concentration, towards values not significantly differing from those in non-irradiated, placebo-supplemented rats. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) and Cu/ZnSOD changes in protein expression were observed for irradiated rats. No change in p53 expression or DNA fragmentation was found.

Significance: Ad libitum black grape juice intake is able to restore the liver primary antioxidant system against adverse effects due to whole-body acute X-irradiation in rats after 15 days post-irradiation. The results support using antioxidant supplements as a preventive tool against radiation-induced harm.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Beverages*
  • Blotting, Western
  • DNA Fragmentation
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Lipid Peroxidation
  • Liver / diagnostic imaging*
  • Liver / enzymology
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Oxidative Stress*
  • Placebos
  • Radiography
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / metabolism
  • Vitis*
  • Whole-Body Irradiation*
  • X-Rays

Substances

  • Placebos
  • Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Glutathione