Abstract
This review examines the mechanism of estrogen signaling in cardiomyocytes, with an emphasis on mechanisms that might be important in cardioprotection. It investigates estrogen signaling mediated by the nuclear estrogen receptors alpha and beta and the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR 30/GPER). Estrogen signaling via nitric oxide and the PI3K pathway are discussed.
MeSH terms
-
Cardiotonic Agents
-
Cardiovascular Diseases / metabolism*
-
Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
-
Estrogens / metabolism*
-
Female
-
Humans
-
Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism*
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
-
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
-
Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
-
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
-
Signal Transduction*
Substances
-
Cardiotonic Agents
-
Estrogens
-
Reactive Oxygen Species
-
Receptors, Estrogen
-
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases