Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (Ebi3) and the p35 subunit of IL-12 have been reported to form a heterodimeric cytokine, named IL-35, in human and mouse. In mice, IL-35 has been shown to be constitutively expressed by CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and suggested to contribute to their suppressive activity. However, human CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs do not constitutively express detectable amounts of IL-35 in both mRNA and protein levels. Circulating CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg frequency of chronic Hepatitis B patients significantly correlates with serum viral load. In this study, we investigated whether IL-35 expression could be detected in CD4(+) T cells from peripheral blood of chronic Hepatitis B patients. Using both RT-PCR and immunoprecipitation plus Western blot analysis, we demonstrated that IL-35 expression could be detected in the CD4(+) T cells from peripheral blood of Chronic Hepatitis B patients.
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