Abstract
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV) associated neurocognitive disorders resulting from infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by HIV continues to increase despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy. Although monocytes are known to transport HIV across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the CNS, there are few specific markers that identify monocyte subpopulations susceptible to HIV infection and/or capable of infiltrating the CNS. We cultured human peripheral blood monocytes and characterized the expression of the phenotypic markers CD14, CD16, CD11b, Mac387, CD163, CD44v6 and CD166 during monocyte/macrophage (Mo/Mac) maturation/differentiation. We determined that a CD14(+)CD16(+)CD11b(+)Mac387(+) Mo/Mac subpopulation preferentially transmigrates across our in vitro BBB model in response to CCL2. Genes associated with Mo/Mac subpopulations that transmigrate across the BBB and/or are infected by HIV were identified by cDNA microarray analyses. Our findings contribute to the understanding of monocyte maturation, infection and transmigration into the brain during the pathogenesis of NeuroAIDS.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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AIDS Dementia Complex / etiology*
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Antigens, CD / metabolism
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Antigens, Differentiation / metabolism
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Astrocytes / cytology
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Blood-Brain Barrier / cytology*
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CD11b Antigen / metabolism
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Cell Differentiation / drug effects
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Cell Differentiation / physiology*
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Cell Separation / methods
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Chemokine CCL2 / pharmacology
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Endothelial Cells / cytology
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GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism
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Gene Expression Profiling
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HIV*
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Humans
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / cytology
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / metabolism
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Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / pharmacology
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Macrophages / cytology*
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Macrophages / drug effects
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Macrophages / virology
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Monocytes / cytology*
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Monocytes / drug effects
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Monocytes / metabolism
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Monocytes / virology
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Neuropilin-1 / metabolism
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Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
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Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / metabolism
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Receptors, CCR2 / metabolism
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Receptors, IgG / metabolism
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Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration / drug effects
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Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration / physiology*
Substances
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Antigens, CD
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Antigens, Differentiation
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CCR2 protein, human
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CD11b Antigen
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Chemokine CCL2
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FCGR3B protein, human
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GPI-Linked Proteins
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Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
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Receptors, CCR2
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Receptors, IgG
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Neuropilin-1
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Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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Phosphopyruvate Hydratase