Involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel-induced apoptosis

Planta Med. 2011 Jul;77(10):1005-12. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1270732. Epub 2011 Feb 3.

Abstract

7-Xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel is a natural hydrophilic paclitaxel derivative. It has long been used in Chinese clinics to treat cancer. In order to further explore the underlying intracellular target of 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel towards the PC-3 cell line, the ultra-structural morphology of mitochondria, the intracellular Ca (2+), the intracellular ATP, the intracellular hydrogen peroxide and pro-apoptotic Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression were measured. Additionally, the changes of mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential ( ΔΨm) were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and flow cytometry, respectively. Our results suggest that the intracellular target of 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel may be the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). To further evaluate this hypothesis, we assessed the effect of a specific mPTP inhibitor (cyclosporine A) on the toxic action of 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel. The 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel-induced decrease in mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) was abolished by the addition of cyclosporine A (CsA) in PC-3 cells, indicating that 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel may target mPTP. Furthermore, treatment with 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel increased ROS levels in PC-3 cells. This effect was counteracted by 10 µM cyclosporine A. These data indicate that oxidative damage is involved in mPTP.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cyclosporine / pharmacology
  • Cytosol / drug effects
  • Cytosol / metabolism
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / analysis
  • Male
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / drug effects*
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / drug effects*
  • Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
  • Paclitaxel / analogs & derivatives*
  • Paclitaxel / pharmacology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / drug effects
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • BAX protein, human
  • Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Cyclosporine
  • Adenosine Triphosphate
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Paclitaxel
  • Calcium