An automated, polymer-assisted strategy for the preparation of urea and thiourea derivatives of 15-membered azalides as potential antimalarial chemotherapeutics

Bioorg Med Chem. 2011 Mar 1;19(5):1692-701. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.030. Epub 2011 Jan 22.

Abstract

A series of 15-membered azalide urea and thiourea derivatives has been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6), chloroquine/pyremethamine resistant (W2) and multidrug resistant (TM91C235) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. We have developed an effective automated synthetic strategy for the rapid synthesis of urea/thiourea libraries of a macrolide scaffold. Compounds have been synthesized using a solution phase strategy with overall yields of 50-80%. Most of the synthesized compounds had inhibitory effects. The top 10 compounds were 30-65 times more potent than azithromycin, an azalide with antimalarial activity, against all three strains.

MeSH terms

  • Antimalarials / chemical synthesis*
  • Antimalarials / chemistry
  • Antimalarials / pharmacology
  • Automation
  • Azithromycin / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Macrolides / pharmacology
  • Molecular Structure
  • Plasmodium falciparum / drug effects*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiourea / chemical synthesis*
  • Thiourea / chemistry
  • Thiourea / pharmacology
  • Urea / chemical synthesis*
  • Urea / chemistry
  • Urea / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antimalarials
  • Macrolides
  • Azithromycin
  • Urea
  • Thiourea