Does metastasectomy improve survival in patients with Stage IV melanoma? A cancer registry analysis of outcomes

J Surg Oncol. 2011 Aug 1;104(2):111-5. doi: 10.1002/jso.21903. Epub 2011 Mar 4.

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with Stage IV melanoma have limited therapeutic options with few long-term survivors. Our goal was to study the impact of metastasectomy on survival in these patients.

Methods: Patients with Stage IV melanoma were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1988-2006). Those who had metastasectomy performed were compared with patients that did not.

Results: The median age of the study population (n = 4,229) was 63 years and median survival was 7 months. Patients who underwent metastasectomy (33.6%) had an improved median and 5-year overall survival as compared to patients who did not; 12 months versus 5 months and 16% versus 7% (P < 0.001). In patients with M1a disease (n = 1,994), this improvement of survival following metastasectomy was enhanced; median survival of 14 months versus 6 months and 5-year overall survival of 20% versus 9% (P < 0.001). Younger age and diagnosis from 2001 to 2006 were predictors of metastasectomy. Metastasectomy was an independent and significant predictor of survival for the entire cohort (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.55-0.63).

Conclusions: Metastasectomy in patients with Stage IV melanoma may improve long-term survival. The true therapeutic benefit, if any, of metastatectomy needs to be determined by a randomized trial.

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Melanoma / mortality*
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Melanoma / secondary
  • Melanoma / surgery*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • SEER Program
  • Skin Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States