Poorer perinatal outcome in male newborns of women with pregestational diabetes mellitus

Diabet Med. 2011 Apr;28(4):436-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03227.x.

Abstract

Aims: To assess perinatal outcome in women with pregestational diabetes mellitus according to the sex of the fetus.

Methods: A retrospective review of all singleton pregnancies of women with pregestational diabetes progressing to a gestational age of 22 weeks or more who attended the diabetes and pregnancy clinic from 1981 to 2006 (n=455). We compared maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes (perinatal mortality, major congenital malformations, small and large for gestational age newborns, preterm birth and a composite of the former) according to the sex of the fetus. A logistic regression analysis was performed using the composite perinatal outcome as the dependent variable and all maternal variables and sex of fetus as potential predictors.

Results: Maternal characteristics did not differ in mothers of male and female newborns. In the whole cohort, the composite perinatal outcome was significantly higher in male fetuses; adjusted OR 1.61 (95% CI 1.04-2.50).

Conclusions: In women with pregestational diabetes, perinatal outcome was poorer in male newborns despite similar maternal characteristics.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
  • Diabetes, Gestational*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Maternal-Fetal Exchange / physiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Prediabetic State / epidemiology*
  • Prediabetic State / metabolism
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Outcome*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Characteristics*
  • Young Adult