Cardiovascular abnormalities in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate cardiac abnormalities in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).

Methods: The clinical and echocardiographic survey included 99 adults with OI divided into 3 clinical types-I, III, and IV-and 52 controls. Left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions (LVIDds), mass, and 4 aortic diameters were measured by standard echocardiography and indexed for body surface area.

Results: Hypertension was registered in 37 individuals (37.4%). The OI group had significantly lower body surface area than the control individuals, 1.7 ± 0.3 versus 1.9 ± 0.2 m(2) (P < .05). The LVIDd and LV mass were significantly larger in the OI group when compared with the controls, 2.98 ± .64 versus 2.59 ± .26 cm/m(2) (P < .05) and 97.3 ± 30.1 versus 73.3 ± 18.0 g/m(2) (P < .05), respectively. Type III OI showed significantly enlarged LVIDd as compared with types I and IV OI, 4.33 ± 1.10 versus 2.83 ± .33 (P < .05) versus 2.85 ± .37 cm/m(2) (P < .05), respectively. All aortic diameters were significantly larger in the OI group than in the control group, as they were in type III compared with types I and IV; 10.1% mild aortic regurgitation (AR), 10.1% moderate AR, and 7.1% moderate mitral regurgitation were registered in the OI group.

Conclusions: Increased LVIDd, LV mass, mitral regurgitation, and AR were found in adult patients with OI compared with the control group. The changes in LV and dilatation of aorta seemed to be more pronounced in patients with type III compared with types I and IV OI.