The PASS-Q: the perceived available support in sport questionnaire

J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2011 Feb;33(1):54-74. doi: 10.1123/jsep.33.1.54.

Abstract

This article provides initial evidence for the construct validity of the Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire (PASS-Q), which assesses emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support. In Study 1, confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence for a four-dimension factor structure. Correlations supported hypothesized relationships between the PASS-Q dimensions and the Social Support Survey questions (Richman, Rosenfeld, & Hardy, 1993). In Study 2, the four-dimension factor structure was supported in an independent sample. Further, higher levels of perceived available emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support were associated with higher levels of self-confidence and lower levels of burnout. Researchers are encouraged to use the PASS-Q to examine the effects of perceived available support in sport contexts.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • England
  • Factor Analysis, Statistical
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Models, Psychological
  • Regression Analysis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Self Concept*
  • Social Desirability
  • Social Support*
  • Sports / psychology*
  • Stress, Psychological / prevention & control*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires*