A 36-year-old man with right flank pain presented to our institution. Intravenous urography showed mild dilatation of the right pyelocaliceal system and large filling defect in the vesical lumen. Computed tomography revealed the right kidney to be smaller than the left, and with chronic pyelonephritis. The right ureter passed behind the inferior vena cava at the level of the pelvic-ureteral junction. The middle and lower ureter was dilated above a large ureterocele. Cystourethrography showed right vesicoureteral reflux. The patient underwent a resection of the ureterocele with reimplantation of the ureter. Follow-up at 3 months demonstrated resolution of the dilatation of the right ureter.
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