Peripheral nerves and spinal cords of axolotls were maintained in organ culture for periods of up to 2 weeks. Sensory axons in peripheral nerves and the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord showed regeneration through the crush site within about 2 days. Axonal regeneration also occurred in peripheral nerves after cutting but was dependent on close contact between proximal and distal stumps of nerve. When cells in the distal stump of nerve were killed by freezing, axonal regeneration was inhibited.