Abstract
Two new ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(phen)2(DNPIP)](ClO4)2 (1) and [Ru(phen)2(DAPIP)](ClO4)2 (2), were synthesized and characterized. The DNA-binding properties of these complexes were investigated using UV/vis absorption titration, viscosity measurements, thermal denaturation, and photoactivated cleavage. The DNA binding constants for complexes 1 and 2 are 2.63 ± 0.25×10(5) M(-1) (s=2.45) and 1.51±0.18×10(5) M(-1) (s=1.34). The results indicated that these complexes interacted with DNA through the intercalative mode. The cytotoxicity in vitro of complexes 1 and 2 were assessed against BEL-7402, HepG-2, and MCF-7 cell lines by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was studied with the acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining method. The antiproliferative mechanism was explored with flow cytometry. Cellular uptake studies showed that complexes 1 and 2 can enter into the cytoplasm and accumulate in the nuclei. Cell cycle arrest and antioxidant activity were also investigated.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
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Antioxidants / chemical synthesis
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Antioxidants / pharmacology*
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Apoptosis / drug effects
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Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Breast Neoplasms / pathology
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Cell Survival / radiation effects
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DNA / chemistry
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DNA / metabolism*
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Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
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Female
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Flow Cytometry
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Fluorescence
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Humans
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Hydroxyl Radical / antagonists & inhibitors
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Hydroxyl Radical / metabolism
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Intercalating Agents / chemical synthesis
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Intercalating Agents / pharmacology*
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Kinetics
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Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Liver Neoplasms / pathology
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Organometallic Compounds / chemical synthesis
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Organometallic Compounds / pharmacology*
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Oxidation-Reduction / drug effects
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Oxidation-Reduction / radiation effects
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Phenanthrolines / chemistry
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Photolysis / radiation effects
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Plasmids / metabolism
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Ruthenium / chemistry
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Ruthenium / metabolism*
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Spectrum Analysis
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Ultraviolet Rays
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Antioxidants
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Intercalating Agents
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Organometallic Compounds
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Phenanthrolines
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Hydroxyl Radical
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Ruthenium
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DNA
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calf thymus DNA