Using antiretroviral therapy (ART) raises numerous issues in intensive care units (ICU): drug administration and kinetics issues in ventilated patients and/or with gastric tube, drug interactions, and risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. This is why a lot of ICU physicians stop ART on admission and few initiate it during the ICU stay. However, the literature review suggests that the earlier the ART is started the more effective it is. Furthermore, stopping ART could be hazardous for some patients. The authors present the most frequent issues raised by ART use in an ICU and how to deal with them.
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