Botulinum type A toxin complex for the relief of upper back myofascial pain syndrome: how do fixed-location injections compare with trigger point-focused injections?

Pain Med. 2011 Nov;12(11):1607-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01163.x. Epub 2011 Jun 21.

Abstract

Objective: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of fixed location injections of botulinum type A toxin (BoNT-A, Dysport) in predetermined injection sites in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper back.

Design: Patients with moderate-to-severe myofascial pain syndrome affecting cervical and/or shoulder muscles (10 trigger points, disease duration 6-24 months) and moderate-to-severe pain intensity were randomized to BoNT-A (N = 81) or saline (N = 72).

Intervention: Patients received treatment into 10 predetermined fixed injection sites in the head, neck, and shoulder (40 units of BoNT-A per site or saline, a total of 400 units of BoNT-A).

Outcome measures: The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of patients with mild or no pain at week 5 (responders). Secondary outcomes included changes in pain intensity and the number of pain-free days per week.

Results: At week 5, 49% (37/76) of BoNT-A patients and 38% (27/72) of placebo patients had responded to treatment (P = 0.1873). Duration of daily pain was reduced in the BoNT-A group compared with the placebo group from week 5, with statistically significant differences at weeks 9 and 10 (P = 0.04 for both). Treatment was well tolerated.

Conclusion: Fixed-location treatment with BoNT-A of patients with upper back myofascial pain syndrome did not lead to a significant improvement of the main target parameter in week 5 after treatment. Only in week 8 were significant differences found. Several secondary parameters, such as physicians' global assessment and patients' global assessment, significantly favored BoNT-A over placebo at weeks 8 and 12.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Back Pain / drug therapy*
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / administration & dosage
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / therapeutic use
  • Cervical Vertebrae
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Humans
  • Injections*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscles
  • Myofascial Pain Syndromes / drug therapy*
  • Neuromuscular Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Neuromuscular Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Pain Measurement
  • Placebos
  • Prospective Studies
  • Shoulder
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Trigger Points*

Substances

  • Neuromuscular Agents
  • Placebos
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A