Subarachnoid hemorrhage in elderly: advantages of the endovascular treatment

Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2012 Jan;12(1):46-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2011.00725.x. Epub 2011 Jul 6.

Abstract

Aim: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from aneurysm rupture accounts for approximately 3% of all strokes. A significant improvement in surgery and endovascular procedures has reduced mortality and morbidity. Nowadays, endovascular treatment is a viable alternative to conservative treatment in elderly patients. We designed a retrospective observational study on all endovascular procedures carried out in our department in order to evaluate the outcome in elderly patients compared with a younger cohort.

Methods: A total of 378 patients with aneurysmal SAH were treated with detachable platinum coils in our department (1994-2009). Of these, 310 patients were aged 20-69 years and 68 were aged over 70 years. Data were stratified according to Hunt-Hess (H-H) grade at admission. The mean follow up was 4.8 years. The final outcome was evaluated through the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).

Results: We observed a favorable outcome (GOS 5-4) in both groups of patients admitted with moderately good clinical conditions (H-H 1-3), with no statistically significant difference. In contrast, in the case of H-H grade at admission > 3, we observed a statistically significant poor outcome in elderly patients.

Conclusions: We consider the endovascular treatment as first choice for elderly patients presenting with a good H-H grade at admission. Quick functional recovery and reduced hospitalization time were observed. Unlike young patients, a chance of recovery in elderly patients with H-H 4-5 is more difficult to achieve. Therefore, a conservative approach should be considered.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / complications*
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / surgery
  • Endovascular Procedures / methods*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / complications*
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / surgery
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / surgery*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult