Aim of the study: Therapeutic hypothermia improves outcome after cardiac arrest. Dopamine D(2) agonists and serotonin 5-HT(1A) agonists lower body temperature by decreasing the set-point. We investigated the effect of these drugs on temperature and cerebral recovery of rats after cardiac arrest.
Methods: Male Wistar-Han rats were subjected to 6 min of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. Following restoration of circulation, 1mg quinpirole, 1mg 8-OH-DPAT or vehicle were injected subcutaneously. Body temperature was monitored for 48 h. One additional group was kept normothermic. Animals were neurologically tested by a tape removal test. After 7 days, histology of hippocampal CA-1 sector was analysed with Nissl and TUNEL staining.
Results: Rats became spontaneously hypothermic after cardiac arrest. Induction of hypothermia was facilitated by both quinpirole (-0.033 ± 0.008°C/min) and 8-OH-DPAT (-0.029 ± 0.010°C/min) when compared to vehicle (-0.020 ± 0.005°C/min). Total 'dose' of hypothermia (area under the curve) was not different. All animals showed a neurological deficit, which improved with time; after 7 days, test results of the normothermic group (30 [11-88]s) still tended to be worse than those of the hypothermic groups (vehicle 8 [6-14]s, quinpirole 9 [4-17]s, 8-OH-DPAT 10 [8-22]s). There were no clear differences in Nissl or TUNEL histology after 7 days.
Conclusion: Both quinpirole and 8-OH-DPAT led to faster induction of hypothermia. However, the outcome was not different from spontaneous hypothermia, probably because the total 'dose' of hypothermia was not influenced.
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