Psychomotor vigilance testing of professional drivers in the occupational health clinic: a potential objective screen for daytime sleepiness

J Occup Environ Med. 2012 Mar;54(3):296-302. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318223d3d6.

Abstract

Objective: Psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT) rapidly assesses attention, reaction time (RT), and abnormal vigilance. Thus, PVT may be an adjunct to screening drivers for high-risk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)/excess daytime sleepiness (EDS).

Methods: Commercial drivers and emergency responders undergoing occupational examinations took a 10-minute PVT and were instructed to achieve their fastest possible RTs. Participants with maximum RT >5 seconds or ≥ 2 "super lapses" (RT ≥ 1000 ms) were categorized as "microsleepers."

Results: Among 193 male participants, the 15 microsleepers (8%) were significantly more obese, but not different on age or Epworth Sleepiness Score. Time of day had no effect on RT.

Conclusion: PVT is suitable to occupational clinics and can identify otherwise unrecognized, impaired vigilance. Further studies must validate the PVT abnormalities most predictive of OSA/EDS and vehicular crashes, compared to adiposity measures alone.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Arousal
  • Attention
  • Automobile Driving*
  • Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / diagnosis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / complications
  • Occupational Medicine / methods
  • Physical Examination
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Reaction Time
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / diagnosis*