Abstract
The targeted therapies available to treat metastatic kidney cancer include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, bevacizumab, sorafenib, sunitinib, pazopanib, and the mTor inhibitors temsirolimus and everolimus. These agents have significantly improved patient outcomes but are associated with toxicities. The most common toxicities seen with the VEGF inhibitors are hypertension, fatigue, and hand- foot syndrome. The mTor inhibitors exhibit a different toxicity profile which includes hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Recognition and understanding the mechanism of the toxicities is crucial for optimal patient management.
MeSH terms
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / drug therapy*
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / pathology
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Drug Delivery Systems / adverse effects*
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Drug Delivery Systems / methods
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Fatigue / chemically induced
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Humans
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Kidney Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
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Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism
Substances
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases