Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still associated with an increased mortality mainly due to an increase in cardiovascular risk. This increase is not solely explained by traditional cardiovascular risk factors but also by disease characteristics, e.g. inflammation, positive rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). Control of disease activity with disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs) was shown to reduce cardiovascular risk in RA patients. Use of non-steroidal antirheumatic drugs (NSAIDs) and glucocorticoids might be associated with an increased risk. The EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis have been established. These recommendations are based on national guidelines regarding control of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
MeSH terms
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Age Factors
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Aged
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / therapeutic use
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Antirheumatic Agents / adverse effects
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Antirheumatic Agents / therapeutic use
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid / blood
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid / drug therapy
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid / immunology
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Arthritis, Rheumatoid / mortality*
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Autoantibodies / blood
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Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy
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Cardiovascular Diseases / immunology
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Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality*
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Cause of Death*
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Comorbidity
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Glucocorticoids / adverse effects
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Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
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Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
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Methotrexate / adverse effects
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Methotrexate / therapeutic use
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Middle Aged
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Peptides, Cyclic / immunology
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Practice Guidelines as Topic
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Prognosis
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Rheumatoid Factor / blood
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Risk Factors
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
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Antirheumatic Agents
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Autoantibodies
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Glucocorticoids
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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Immunosuppressive Agents
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Peptides, Cyclic
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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cyclic citrullinated peptide
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Rheumatoid Factor
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Methotrexate