Pentraxin 3 as a potential biomarker of acetaminophen-induced liver injury

Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2013 Jan;65(1-2):147-51. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.07.003. Epub 2011 Aug 30.

Abstract

Objective: Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) can lead to severe liver injury in humans and experimental animals. Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is produced and released by several cell types. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether PTX-3 is a potential biomarker in the identification of APAP-induced liver injury.

Materials and methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, APAP-1 and APAP-2 groups. APAP-1 (1 g/kg) and APAP-2 (2 g/kg) group rats were given APAP by gastric tube. Liver tissues and blood samples were obtained for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Biochemical parameters, plasma and liver PTX-3 levels and degree of liver necrosis were measured in all groups.

Results: APAP treatments caused necrosis in liver and accompanied by elevated liver PTX-3 levels after 48 h. In APAP-1 and APAP-2 groups when compared with control group (7.5±3.3 ng/mg protein), mean liver PTX-3 concentrations were 14.1±3.0 (p=0.032) and 28.5±8.2 (p<0.001) ng/mg protein, respectively. All rats (100%) in the APAP-2 group had the degree 3 liver necrosis. However 10%, 40% and 50% of rats had the degree 1, the degree 2 and the degree 3 liver necrosis in the APAP-1 group, respectively. The degrees of liver necrosis of the APAP-1 and APAP-2 groups were higher than the group of control (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions: PTX-3 may have a role in the APAP-induced liver injury in the rats. The elevated liver PTX-3 in the APAP-induced hepatic necrosis might be a marker of acute histological liver damage. Further prospective studies are necessary to clarify the prognostic value of liver PTX-3 for prediction of histological hepatic necrosis in the APAP-induced liver injury.

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / toxicity*
  • Administration, Oral
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis*
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / metabolism
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / pathology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Liver / drug effects*
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Necrosis
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Serum Amyloid P-Component / analysis*
  • Serum Amyloid P-Component / metabolism

Substances

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Biomarkers
  • Serum Amyloid P-Component
  • PTX3 protein
  • Acetaminophen
  • C-Reactive Protein