Can the response to 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in splenectomised patients be predicted?

Vaccine. 2012 Mar 16;30(13):2382-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.073. Epub 2011 Sep 29.

Abstract

The 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine has unequal effectiveness in splenectomised patients. We performed a longitudinal study (2005-2008) whose main objective was to characterize the profile of non-responders among splenectomised patients treated at our institution and identify potential predictive indicators of the response to the vaccine. The immune response was evaluated in 96 subjects. The proportion of responders was 70% (95% CI: 60-78%). Immunosuppression (OR=3.19, 95% CI 1.04-9.73) and the reason for splenectomy (hematologic neoplasia versus non-malignant hematologic diseases, OR=7.37, 95% CI 1.71-31.7) were independent predictors of non-response to vaccination. However, the positive predictive value of the model and the likelihood ratio for a positive result were low (PPV=76.6%, 95% CI 66.2-84.4%, LR(+)=1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.86). We recommend determining the response to pneumococcal vaccine in these patients when possible.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hematologic Diseases / surgery
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Pneumococcal Infections / immunology
  • Pneumococcal Infections / prevention & control*
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines / immunology*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Splenectomy*
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / immunology*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vaccination
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • 23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine
  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Pneumococcal Vaccines