Pediatric chronic ulcerative colitis: does infliximab increase post-ileal pouch anal anastomosis complications?

J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Jan;47(1):199-203. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.10.042.

Abstract

Background: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) is a common surgical approach to chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC). Preoperative use of Infliximab (IFX) has raised concern of increased postoperative complications. We sought to compare outcomes of pediatric patients (≤ 18 years) who were treated with IFX before IPAA to those who did not.

Methods: Patients (≤ 18 years of age) who underwent IPAA from 2003 to 2008 for CUC were included, and their records were retrospectively reviewed for preoperative medications, operative technique, and 1-year postoperative complications (leak, wound infection, small bowel obstruction, pouchitis). Subjects were divided into 2 groups--those who received IFX preoperatively and those who did not.

Results: Eleven patients received IFX preoperatively, and 27 children did not. All complications following IPAA were more frequent in the IFX group compared to controls (55% vs 26%). Small bowel obstruction was significantly higher in the IFX group (55% vs 7%). Long-term complications occurred in 64% of the IFX group and 61% of the controls.

Conclusion: Children that were treated with IFX prior to IPAA suffered twice as many postoperative complications. Long-term outcomes are similar. Currently, we recommend colectomy with end ileostomy for patients that receive IFX within 8 weeks of colectomy for CUC.

MeSH terms

  • Anastomosis, Surgical
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / adverse effects*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Chronic Disease
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / drug therapy
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / surgery*
  • Colonic Pouches*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ileum / surgery
  • Infliximab
  • Male
  • Postoperative Complications / chemically induced*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Infliximab

Supplementary concepts

  • Pediatric ulcerative colitis