Release of filamentous and spherical influenza A virus is not restricted by tetherin

J Gen Virol. 2012 May;93(Pt 5):963-969. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.038778-0. Epub 2012 Jan 18.

Abstract

The cellular protein tetherin is thought to act as a 'leash' that anchors many enveloped viruses to the plasma membrane and prevents their release. We found that replication of multiple strains of influenza A virus was generally insensitive to alteration of tetherin levels, as assessed by output titre or scanning electron microscopy of cell-associated virions. This included human, swine, avian and equine isolates, strains that form filamentous or spherical particles and viruses that lack the M2 or NS1 proteins. Levels of cell-surface tetherin were not reduced by influenza infection, but tetherin and the viral haemagglutinin co-localized on the plasma membrane. However, tetherin could not be detected in filamentous virions, suggesting that influenza may possess a mechanism to exclude it from virions. Overall, if influenza does encode a specific antagonist of tetherin, it is not M2 or NS1 and we find no evidence for a role in host range specificity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Membrane / chemistry
  • GPI-Linked Proteins / metabolism
  • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / metabolism
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions*
  • Humans
  • Influenza A virus / growth & development
  • Influenza A virus / physiology*
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Viral Load
  • Virus Release*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • BST2 protein, human
  • GPI-Linked Proteins
  • Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus