Decompressive hemicraniectomy, strokectomy, or both in the treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery syndrome

World Neurosurg. 2012 Nov;78(5):480-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2011.12.080. Epub 2011 Dec 24.

Abstract

Objective: We sought to evaluate the impact of a craniotomy for strokectomy (CS) with bone replacement, decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC), or DHC with a strokectomy (DHC+S) on outcome after malignant supratentorial infarction.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of cases of malignant supratentorial infarction treated by CS (n = 18), DHC (n = 17), or DHC+S (n = 33) at our institution from 2002 to 2008. End points included functional outcome measured by the modified Rankin Scale and incidence of mortality at 1 year.

Results: Mean age, gender, side, vessel, and time from ictus to surgery were not statistically different between treatment groups. Stroke volume was significantly higher in the CS group. Operative time and blood loss were significantly higher in the DHC+S group. At 1 year, the median modified Rankin Scale score was 4 and overall survival was 71%. Functional outcomes and mortality for both the CS and DHC+S groups were not significantly different from the DHC group (P = 0.24). After adjusting for patient age, stroke volume, and time to surgery, there was no significant difference in outcome.

Conclusion: In patients with malignant supratentorial infarction, a strokectomy alone may be equivalent to a decompressive hemicraniectomy with or without brain resection.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carotid Artery, Internal / surgery
  • Cerebral Infarction / mortality*
  • Cerebral Infarction / surgery*
  • Decompressive Craniectomy / methods*
  • Decompressive Craniectomy / mortality*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / mortality*
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / surgery*
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Middle Cerebral Artery / surgery
  • Operative Time
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome