Evaluation of the cytopathicity (fusion/hemifusion) of patient-derived HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins comparing two effector cell lines

J Biomol Screen. 2012 Jul;17(6):727-37. doi: 10.1177/1087057112439890. Epub 2012 Mar 16.

Abstract

HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is a major determinant of viral pathogenicity. The evaluation of the biological properties of patient-derived envelopes by comparing two effector cell lines (293T and HeLa) is reported. A standard cell-to-cell fusion assay was used to evaluate fusogenicity, whereas a coculture with CD4(+) cells was used to evaluate absolute cell loss, single cell death, and hemifusion events. Fusion and absolute cell loss assays showed that Env-expressing 293T and HeLa cells had different fusion efficiencies; fusion was magnified in 293T cells despite a significantly lower cell-surface Env expression. Conversely, gp41-mediated single cell death and hemifusion induced in CD4(+) cells by 293T-Env-positive cells were significantly lower than that induced by HeLa-Env-positive cells. These data showed that the effector cell line used in the in vitro assays is crucial, and a combination of assays is recommended to evaluate the biological properties of patient-derived envelope glycoproteins: preferentially, 293T-Env-positive cells for the evaluation of fusogenicity and HeLa-Env-positive cells for the evaluation of cell death parameters. The combination of assays described in our work could be a valuable tool for dual screenings of large collections of primary Envs or Env mutants and drugs acting on these Envs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • CD4 Antigens / metabolism
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Fusion
  • Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral*
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • HEK293 Cells
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / metabolism*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / metabolism*
  • HIV-1 / physiology*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Measurements
  • Membrane Fusion*
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / antagonists & inhibitors

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • CD4 Antigens
  • CXCR4 protein, human
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41
  • Receptors, CXCR4