Particle size and magnetic properties dependence on growth temperature for rapid mixed co-precipitated magnetite nanoparticles

Nanotechnology. 2012 Apr 13;23(14):145601. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/14/145601. Epub 2012 Mar 21.

Abstract

Magnetite nanoparticles have been prepared by co-precipitation using a custom-designed jet mixer to achieve rapid mixing (RM) of reactants in a timescale of milliseconds. The quick and stable nucleation obtained allows control of the particle size and size distribution via a more defined growth process. Nanoparticles of different sizes were prepared by controlling the processing temperature in the first few seconds post-mixing. The average size of the nanoparticles investigated using a Tecnai transmission electron microscope is found to increase with the temperature from 3.8 nm at 1 ± 1 °C to 10.9 nm for particles grown at 95 ± 1 °C. The temperature dependence of the size distribution follows the same trend and is explained in terms of Ostwald ripening of the magnetite nanoparticles during the co-precipitation of Fe(2+) and Fe(3+). The magnetic properties were studied by monitoring the blocking temperature via both DC and AC techniques. Strikingly, the obtained RM particles maintain the high magnetization (as high as ∼88 A m(2) kg(-1) at 500 kA m(-1)) while the coercivity is as low as ∼12 A m(-1) with the expected temperature dependence. Besides, by adding a drop of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, aqueous ferrofluids with long term stability are obtained, suggesting their suitability for applications in ferrofluid technology and biomedicine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Crystallization
  • Ferric Compounds / chemistry
  • Ferrous Compounds / chemistry
  • Hyperthermia, Induced
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles / ultrastructure
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Nanotechnology / methods
  • Particle Size*
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / chemistry
  • Temperature
  • Water / chemistry
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Ferric Compounds
  • Ferrous Compounds
  • Magnetite Nanoparticles
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • Water
  • tetramethylammonium