Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a comprehensive review

Int J Cancer. 2012 Sep 1;131(5):1013-22. doi: 10.1002/ijc.27543. Epub 2012 Apr 16.

Abstract

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors. Despite being relatively rare, representing just 1-2% of all pancreatic neoplasms, the incidence of pancreatic NET has increased over the past two decades. Although the primary treatment for localized NET is surgical resection, there is still a lack of effective therapeutic options for patients with advanced unresectable pancreatic NET. Recently, the targeted agents sunitinib malate (SUTENT®, Pfizer Inc, NYC) and everolimus (AFINITOR®, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland)-both with different mechanisms of action-received United States Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of progressive, well-differentiated, pancreatic NET in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic disease. SUTENT® also received approval for this indication by the European Commission in 2010. Our article presents an overview of pancreatic NET, with a focus on their diagnostic work-up, clinical presentation and treatment options. Topics for further investigation of targeted therapy are also discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / diagnosis*
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Prognosis