Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major factor for stroke and stroke-associated mortality, and its incidence is increasing during the last decades. There are only scarce data about its prevalence in Greece. We designed an epidemiological cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of AF in Greece and evaluate the adequacy of anticoagulant treatment in AF patients.
Subjects and methods: The Arcadia Rural Study on Atrial Fibrillation (ARSAF) was conducted between 2002-2003 in five rural villages of the Arcadia province (Greece) with a permanent population of 1312 individuals. Patients had a thorough medical examination and electrocardiogram, and information was collected about their medical history and comorbidities. CHADS2 score was used to determine stroke risk for participants with AF.
Results: 1155 subjects (88% of the entire population) participated in the study. The overall prevalence of AF was 3.9% showing an increasing trend with increasing age ranging from 0.4% in patients <55 years to 10.7% in patients > 84 years. Among patients with AF, 14 (32%) had paroxysmal AF. The presence of AF was associated with increasing age (OR: 1.67 for every 10 years increase, 95% CI: 1.26-2.15), hypertension (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.02-4.14), heart failure (OR: 11.85, 95% CI: 4.92-28.56) and prior cerebrovascular disease (OR: 4.17, 95% CI: 1.44-12.06). Among these subjects with AF, 12 (26.6%) were considered as low-risk (CHADS2 = 0), 18 (40.0%) as intermediate-risk (CHADS2 = 1), and 15 (33.3%) as high-risk (CHADS2 > 1) patients for stroke. 25 (55.5%) patients with AF did not receive appropriate antithrombotic treatment.
Conclusion: The prevalence of AF in Greece is similar to other countries and increases with increasing age.