25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and vascular calcification in predialysis and dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

Kidney Blood Press Res. 2012;35(5):349-54. doi: 10.1159/000335952. Epub 2012 Apr 4.

Abstract

Background/aims: The role of vitamin D in the process of vascular calcification is unclear in patients with chronic kidney disease. We investigated whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with vascular calcification in predialysis and dialysis patients.

Methods: We included 86 predialysis and 139 dialysis patients. The simple vascular calcification score (SVCS) was evaluated by examining plain X-rays of the pelvis and hands as described previously. The carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) was assessed with a commercially available device.

Results: We found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our population (78.2%). Vascular calcification was present in 46.2% of all patients. Higher calcification (SVCS >3) was significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D levels in predialysis and dialysis patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis for SVCS >3 showed that 25(OH)D levels were negative independent predictors in predialysis (OR: 0.781; 95% CI: 0.623-0.908, p = 0.019) and dialysis patients (OR: 0.805; 95% CI: 0.749-0.853, p = 0.009). Lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with higher CF-PWV in predialysis patients, but this inverse relationship was no longer present in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: We showed an independent relationship between low serum 25(OH)D levels and vascular calcification in both predialysis and dialysis patients.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Calcinosis / epidemiology*
  • Calcinosis / metabolism
  • Calcinosis / pathology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Prevalence
  • Renal Dialysis / statistics & numerical data*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / metabolism
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Vascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Vascular Diseases / metabolism
  • Vascular Diseases / pathology
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology*
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / metabolism
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / pathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D