Tumor-specific CD4+ melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

J Immunother. 2012 Jun;35(5):400-8. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31825898c5.

Abstract

Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate objective and durable tumor regressions in patients with metastatic melanoma. CD8+ tumor-reactive TIL are well studied in humans and animals, yet the function of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T lymphocytes in patient treatments remains controversial. We recently demonstrated that CD4+ TILs are not necessary for objective responses in patients. Coinfusion with tumor-specific CD4 TIL may enhance or increase the durability of tumor regressions, but the number of patients with tumor-reactive CD4 TIL is unknown. We screened 44 CD8+-depleted TIL for in vitro reactivity against autologous tumor. Nine (20%) showed specific reactivity by interferon-γ release assay, of which 8 were specifically blocked by an anti-HLA-DR antibody. Flow-cytometric analysis of these reactive TIL confirmed a high CD4+ composition (median 89%). Highlighting the contribution of CD4+ TIL to tumor regression, a patient with widespread metastatic disease was administered TIL containing HLA class II-restricted tumor activity with high-dose interleukin-2 therapy after lymphodepletion that mediated regression of extensive metastatic disease in the liver and spleen. These results demonstrate that at least 20% of metastatic melanomas contain CD4+ lymphocytes with specific tumor recognition and suggest a possible role for CD4+ cells in the effectiveness of adoptive cell therapy.

MeSH terms

  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / transplantation
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Female
  • HLA-DR Antigens / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive / methods*
  • Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis
  • Interferon-gamma / immunology
  • Interleukin-2 / administration & dosage
  • Interleukin-2 / therapeutic use
  • Liver Neoplasms / immunology
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary
  • Liver Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Lymphocyte Depletion
  • Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / immunology
  • Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / transplantation*
  • Melanoma / immunology
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Melanoma / therapy*
  • Organ Specificity
  • Skin Neoplasms / immunology
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Splenic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Splenic Neoplasms / secondary
  • Splenic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • HLA-DR Antigens
  • Interleukin-2
  • Interferon-gamma