Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used as a biomarker for prostate cancer detection and progression. However, PSA has limitations in terms of predicting the prognosis in specific cases of prostate cancer because it does not reflect cancer biology. Due to the development of new techniques in the fields of genomics and proteomics, many new biomarkers have been discovered in the last several years. In this review, we described some of these new and promising biomarkers including gene and protein markers, cytokines and circulating tumor cells. Moreover, we introduced our proteomic-based findings in our search for new prostate cancer biomarkers.