Abstract
Addition of chitosan as an adjuvant to subunit vaccine from the swine origin influenza virus A/California/7/09 (H1N1) increases vaccine immunogenicity by 8-16 times and significantly enhances its protective potency. Single immunization with chitosan adjuvanted vaccine induced similar antibody titers as two immunizations with unadjuvanted vaccine. Chitosan stabilized the immunogenicity of subunit vaccine when stored at 4 degrees C. The antigenic specificity of the A/California/7/09 (H1N1) virus strain did not resemble substantially that of the human influenza strains A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1) and A/Solomon Isles/3/06 (H1N1), which are among the 2008/2009 and 2007/2008 seasonal influenza vaccines, respectively, as well as that of the human influenza H1N1 virus strains that circulated about 30 years ago.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage*
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Animals
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Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis*
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Chitosan / administration & dosage*
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Drug Stability
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Epitopes
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Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
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Humans
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Immunization, Secondary
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / genetics
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Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / immunology*
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Influenza Vaccines / administration & dosage*
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Influenza Vaccines / immunology
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Influenza, Human / immunology
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Influenza, Human / prevention & control*
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Influenza, Human / virology
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Injections, Intramuscular
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control*
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
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Swine
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Vaccination*
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Vaccines, Subunit
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Viral
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Epitopes
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Influenza Vaccines
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Vaccines, Subunit
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Chitosan