The influence of crystal grain dimension (approximately 38 nm and approximately 90 nm) on magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects has been investigated for DyCuAl compound. The reduction of crystal grain dimension leads to the decrease of the Curie temperature (from 27 K to 24 K) and the evident enhancement of magnetic anisotropy. The peak values of magnetic entropy change under a field change of 0-5 T are 14.9 J kg(-1) K(-1) and 20.4 J kg(-1) K(-1) for DyCuAl compounds (approximately 38 nm and approximately 90 nm), respectively. A large refrigerant capacity is also produced in DyCuAl compounds (423 J kg(-1) and 379 J kg(-1) for the same field change, respectively). Large magnetic entropy changes and refrigerant capacities jointly make them attractive candidates for low-temperature magnetic refrigerant.