Role of vitamin D receptor activators in peritoneal dialysis

Contrib Nephrol. 2012:178:124-142. doi: 10.1159/000337832. Epub 2012 May 25.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), including patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), is linked to an important increase in mortality risk. Within the new systemic term CKD-MBD, alterations in vitamin D metabolism are also included. Many adverse events have been associated with vitamin D deficiency or lack of vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation both in the general population and CKD patients, and these associations seem to be maintained in PD patients. Particularities of PD in vitamin D metabolism, calcium balance, low PTH levels and the high prevalence of adynamic bone disease are discussed. We also review the associations of clinical or survival benefits with vitamin D supplementation, VDR or selective VDR activation, although they are low-graded and most of them obtained from HD databases. Nevertheless, we think that the combined approach to secondary hyperparathyroidism seems also to be appropriate in PD patients, and vitamin D (native plus VDR or selective VDR activation) seem an important part of the required integral approach. The later may provide additional benefits but definitive prove is still lacking.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Dietary Supplements
  • Humans
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Peritoneal Dialysis / adverse effects*
  • Peritoneal Dialysis / mortality
  • Receptors, Calcitriol / physiology*
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin D / metabolism
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / metabolism

Substances

  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Receptors, Calcitriol
  • Vitamin D