Antimalarial activity of pyrroloiminoquinones from the Australian marine sponge Zyzzya sp

J Med Chem. 2012 Jun 28;55(12):5851-8. doi: 10.1021/jm3002795. Epub 2012 Jun 20.

Abstract

A new bispyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid, tsitsikammamine C (1), displayed potent in vitro antimalarial activity with IC(50) values of 13 and 18 nM against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) Plasmodium falciparum, respectively. Tsitsikammamine C (1) displayed selectivity indices of >200 against HEK293 cells and inhibited both ring and trophozoite stages of the malaria parasite life cycle. Previously reported compounds makaluvamines J (2), G (3), L (4), K (5) and damirones A (6) and B (7) were also isolated from the same marine sponge (Zyzzya sp.). Compounds 2-4 displayed potent growth inhibitory activity (IC(50) < 100 nM) against both P. falciparum lines and only moderate cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells (IC(50) = 1-4 μM). Makaluvamine G (3) was not toxic to mice and suppressed parasite growth in P. berghei infected mice following subcutaneous administration at 8 mg kg(-1) day(-1).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antimalarials / isolation & purification*
  • Antimalarials / metabolism
  • Antimalarials / pharmacology*
  • Antimalarials / toxicity
  • Cell Line
  • Humans
  • Inhibitory Concentration 50
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Plasmodium falciparum / drug effects
  • Porifera / chemistry*
  • Pyrroloiminoquinones / isolation & purification*
  • Pyrroloiminoquinones / metabolism
  • Pyrroloiminoquinones / pharmacology*
  • Pyrroloiminoquinones / toxicity

Substances

  • Antimalarials
  • Pyrroloiminoquinones