Year-round vitamin D deficiency among Saudi female out-patients

Public Health Nutr. 2013 Mar;16(3):544-8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012002947. Epub 2012 Jun 13.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate vitamin D status among female out-patients in Saudi Arabia during the summer and winter seasons.

Design: Data were retrospectively collected using medical record abstraction.

Setting: A multidisciplinary hospital in Riyadh between January and December 2009.

Subjects: Saudi females (age ≥19 years; n 1556) attending out-patient clinics for various complaints comprised the studied population. The population was subdivided into two groups depending on the date of their visit where blood samples were collected: summer (n 659) and winter groups (n 897). The summer group was further subdivided into premenopausal (age 19-49 years; n 425) and postmenopausal subgroups (age ≥50 years; n 234). Similarly, the winter group was subdivided into premenopausal (n 543) and postmenopausal subgroups (n 354). Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured using HPLC.

Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/l) was high in both premenopausal and postmenopausal groups (80 % and 68 %, respectively) during the summer, as well as during the winter (85 % and 76 %, respectively).

Conclusions: A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Saudi female out-patients was observed throughout the year despite the routine supplementation with 10-20 μg vitamin D3 for postmenopausal women. Clinicians should seriously consider determining the vitamin D status of Saudi females routinely and prescribing them proper supplementation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Menopause
  • Middle Aged
  • Outpatients
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Saudi Arabia / epidemiology
  • Seasons*
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D