[Giant cell tumor of the C2 colonized by an aneurismal bone cyst. Report of case]

Neurochirurgie. 2012 Dec;58(6):376-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2012.03.008. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Giant cell tumor is colonized by aneurismal bone cyst in only 15% of cases and cervical localisation accounts for less than 1% of giant cell tumors. We are reporting a rare case of a C2 hypervascularized giant cell tumor colonized by an aneurismal bone cyst treated with an effective preoperative Onyx embolization followed by a full tumor resection. The patient experienced a moderate cervical spine injury 2 months prior admission followed by a progressive stiff neck and cervicalgia. CT and MRI identified a lytic lesion of the body and lateral masses of the C2 with encasement of both vertebral arteries. The angiography showed a hypervascularization of the lesion from the vertebral and external carotid arteries as well as a thrombosis of the V3 segment of the right vertebral artery at the C1 level. A posterior occipito-C3/C4 fixation and a tumor biopsy were performed. Histopathological examination concluded to a giant cell tumor colonized by an aneurismal bone cyst. Three weeks later, the patient developed a right upper extremity deficit. The MRI showed an increased C1-C2 stenosis and an increase of the hypervascularization. Three sessions of embolization by the onyx were performed. During surgery a near total tumor devascularisation was observed and a complete resection of the tumor was achieved through an anterolateral approach. Reconstruction consisted of a cementoplasty of the C2 body and odontoïd process with an anterior C3-prosthesis plate. The postoperative course was uneventful.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Accidents, Home
  • Adult
  • Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / complications*
  • Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / pathology
  • Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal / surgery
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Plates
  • Cervical Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging
  • Cervical Vertebrae / injuries
  • Cervical Vertebrae / pathology*
  • Cervical Vertebrae / surgery
  • Diphosphonates / therapeutic use
  • Embolization, Therapeutic
  • Fracture Fixation, Internal
  • Fractures, Spontaneous / etiology*
  • Fractures, Spontaneous / surgery
  • Giant Cell Tumors / blood supply
  • Giant Cell Tumors / complications*
  • Giant Cell Tumors / diagnostic imaging
  • Giant Cell Tumors / pathology
  • Giant Cell Tumors / surgery
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / therapeutic use
  • Ligation
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Odontoid Process / injuries*
  • Odontoid Process / surgery
  • Spinal Cord Compression / etiology
  • Spinal Fractures / etiology*
  • Spinal Fractures / surgery
  • Spinal Neoplasms / blood supply
  • Spinal Neoplasms / complications*
  • Spinal Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Spinal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Spinal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Spinal Stenosis / etiology
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Torticollis / etiology
  • Vertebral Artery / pathology
  • Vertebral Artery / surgery
  • Zoledronic Acid

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Diphosphonates
  • Imidazoles
  • Zoledronic Acid