Miglitol, α-glycosidase inhibitor, reduces visceral fat accumulation and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: a randomized comparable study

Int J Cardiol. 2013 Sep 1;167(5):2108-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.05.109. Epub 2012 Jun 20.

Abstract

Background/objectives: Visceral fat obesity plays an essential role in the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to clarify the effects of miglitol, α-glycosidase inhibitor, on body weight, fat distribution and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with the metabolic syndrome.

Methods and results: One hundred and eleven drug naive patients with the metabolic syndrome were continuously recruited and randomly allocated to a group of life style modification (LSM) alone or a group of LSM with miglitol per os 50 mg × 3 (LSM+miglitol). After 12 weeks of treatment, body weight (5.1%), body mass index (4.9%) and waist circumference were greatly reduced in miglitol group (n=42) than in LSM group (n=43). Plasma levels of insulin and glucose during an oral 75 g glucose loading were decreased only in miglitol group. Visceral fat area, determined by abdominal computed tomography, was greatly reduced in miglitol group (baseline 188 vs 12 weeks 161 cm(2), p<0.0001) than in LSM group (184 vs 174 cm(2), p<0.05). Subcutaneous fat area was reduced only in miglitol group (p<0.001). Systolic blood pressure was reduced in miglitol group (142 vs 133 mm Hg, p<0.001), but not in control group (137 vs 134 mm Hg). Serum levels of triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, γ-GTP, and high-sensitive CRP were decreased and adiponectin was increased only in miglitol group.

Conclusions: Our results indicated that miglitol showed an anti-obesity potential, which was achieved by reducing abdominal fat accumulation and/or enhanced insulin requirement, and then corrected both the metabolic and hemodynamic aberrations seen in patients with the metabolic syndrome (UMIN Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000007650).

Keywords: Endothelial function; Insulin resistance; Post-prandial hyperglycemia; Visceral obesity.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 1-Deoxynojirimycin / analogs & derivatives*
  • 1-Deoxynojirimycin / pharmacology
  • 1-Deoxynojirimycin / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / enzymology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Female
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors*
  • Humans
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / drug effects*
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / enzymology
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Metabolic Syndrome / enzymology
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / drug therapy
  • Obesity / enzymology
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior*
  • alpha-Glucosidases / metabolism

Substances

  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
  • miglitol
  • 1-Deoxynojirimycin
  • alpha-Glucosidases