Synergistic effect of salt mixture on the gelation temperature and morphology of methylcellulose hydrogel

Gelation temperature of methylcellulose (MC) can be altered by adding different additives. Pure MC showed sol-gel transition at 60°C. Sodium citrate and sodium tartrate were used alone and in combination to see the effect of individual salt and combination of salts on the gelation temperature of MC. The gelation temperature of all the binary and ternary combinations of MC and salts were measured with different methods such as test tube tilting method (TTM), UV-vis spectroscopy, viscometry, and by rheometer and also the morphology of gels were characterized with the help of environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). It was observed that when 0.1 M sodium citrate (NaC) and 0.1 M sodium tartrate (NaT) were used separately, the gelation temperature of MC was reduced up to 44°C and 47°C respectively but when mixture of NaC and NaT (0.1 (M) NaC and 0.1 (M) (NaT)) were used the gelation temperature was further reduced to 36°C. It was clear from ESEM images that when NaC and NaT were used separately the formation of network was not distinguishable. But, well-connected network structure was observed when a mixture 0.1 M NaC and 0.1 M NaT was used.