Abstract
PA-X is a fusion protein of influenza A virus encoded in part from a +1 frameshifted X open reading frame (X-ORF) in segment 3. We show that the X-ORFs of diverse influenza A viruses can be divided into two groups that differ in selection pressure and likely function, reflected in the presence of an internal stop codon and a change in synonymous diversity. Notably, truncated forms of PA-X evolved convergently in swine and dogs, suggesting a strong species-specific effect.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Codon
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Codon, Terminator
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Conserved Sequence
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Databases, Genetic
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Dogs
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Evolution, Molecular
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Genome, Viral
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Influenza A virus / genetics*
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Models, Genetic
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Open Reading Frames
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Phylogeny
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RNA, Viral / metabolism
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Repressor Proteins / chemistry
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Repressor Proteins / genetics*
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Swine
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Viral Nonstructural Proteins / chemistry
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Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics*
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Viral Proteins / metabolism
Substances
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Codon
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Codon, Terminator
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PA-X protein, influenza A virus
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RNA, Viral
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Repressor Proteins
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Viral Nonstructural Proteins
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Viral Proteins