Specific oral tolerance induction with raw hen's egg in children with very severe egg allergy: a randomized controlled trial

Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013 Feb;24(1):66-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2012.01349.x. Epub 2012 Sep 9.

Abstract

Background: Treatment of severe egg allergy is avoidance of hen's egg (HE) and carrying self-injectable epinephrine. Specific oral tolerance induction (SOTI) seems a promising alternative treatment. However, some aspects of SOTI are still considered experimental.

Methods: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of an original 6-month SOTI protocol in children with very severe HE allergy using raw HE emulsion. Twenty children (age range: 5-11 yr) were randomized equally into a SOTI treatment group and a control group. The treatment group started SOTI and underwent a second challenge 6 months later. Control children were kept on an egg-free diet for 6 months and then underwent a second challenge.

Results: After 6 months, 9/10 children of the SOTI group (90%) achieved partial tolerance (at least 10 ml, but <40 ml of raw HE emulsion, in a single dose) and 1 (10%) was able to tolerate only 5 ml (no tolerance). After 6 months, nine control children tested positive to the second challenge at a dose ≤0.9 ml of raw HE emulsion, and one reacted to 1.8 ml (SOTI vs. control group p<0.0001). All children in the SOTI group had side effects, but no child had a grade 5 reaction according to the Sampson grading.

Conclusion: Six months of SOTI with raw HE emulsion resulted in partial tolerance, with regular intake, in a significant percentage of children with severe egg allergy.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Allergens / administration & dosage*
  • Allergens / adverse effects
  • Allergens / immunology
  • Anaphylaxis / immunology
  • Anaphylaxis / prevention & control*
  • Animals
  • Chickens
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Desensitization, Immunologic / adverse effects*
  • Desensitization, Immunologic / methods*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Egg Hypersensitivity / immunology
  • Egg Hypersensitivity / prevention & control*
  • Eggs / adverse effects*
  • Emulsions / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Tolerance* / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Male
  • Skin Tests
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Emulsions
  • Immunoglobulin E