Acceleration in the care of older adults: new demands as predictors of employee burnout and engagement

J Adv Nurs. 2013 Jul;69(7):1525-38. doi: 10.1111/jan.12011. Epub 2012 Sep 20.

Abstract

Aim: This paper introduces the concept of acceleration-related demands in the care of older adults. It examines these new demands and their relation to cognitive, emotional, and physical job demands and to employee well-being.

Background: Various changes in the healthcare systems of Western societies pose new demands for healthcare professionals' careers and jobs. In particular today's societal changes give rise to acceleration-related demands, which manifest themselves in work intensification and in increasing requirements to handle new technical equipment and to update one's job-related knowledge. It is, therefore, of interest to investigate the effects of these new demands on the well-being of employees.

Design: Survey.

Method: Between March-June 2010 the survey was conducted among healthcare professionals involved in care of older adults in Austria. A total of 1498 employees provided data on cognitive, emotional, and physical job demands and on acceleration-related demands. The outcome variables were the core dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) and engagement (vigour and dedication).

Results: Hierarchical regression analyses show that acceleration-related demands explain additional variance for exhaustion, depersonalization, vigour, and dedication when controlling for cognitive, emotional, and physical demands. Furthermore, acceleration-related demands associated with increasing requirements to update one's knowledge are related to positive outcomes (vigour and dedication). Acceleration-related demands associated with an increasing work pace are related to negative outcomes such as emotional exhaustion.

Conclusion: Results illustrate that new demands resulting from social acceleration generate potential challenges for on-the-job learning and potential risks to employees' health and well-being.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Ambulatory Care
  • Attitude of Health Personnel*
  • Austria
  • Burnout, Professional / prevention & control*
  • Burnout, Professional / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Health Care Surveys
  • Health Services for the Aged* / organization & administration
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Nursing Assistants / psychology
  • Nursing Assistants / supply & distribution
  • Nursing Homes
  • Nursing Staff / psychology*
  • Nursing Staff / supply & distribution*
  • Regression Analysis
  • Risk Factors
  • Social Change*
  • Workforce
  • Workload*