Alfaxalone and medetomidine intravenous infusion to maintain anaesthesia in colts undergoing field castration

Equine Vet J. 2013 May;45(3):315-9. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00645.x. Epub 2012 Sep 25.

Abstract

Reasons for performing the study: The use of alfaxalone and medetomidine administered as an i.v. infusion to maintain anaesthesia has not previously been reported in the horse.

Objectives: To investigate the use of alfaxalone in hydroxpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (Alfaxan) and medetomidine infusion as a field anaesthetic for short-term surgical procedures in the horse.

Hypothesis: Alfaxalone-medetomidine anaesthesia is suitable for short-term field anaesthesia in horses.

Methods: Eleven healthy colts underwent 45 min of anaesthesia with an i.v. infusion of alfaxalone (2 mg/kg bwt/h) and medetomidine (5 μg/kg bwt/h) for routine field castration. Horses were premedicated with i.v. acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg bwt), medetomidine (7 μg/kg bwt) and guaiphenesin (35 mg/kg bwt) before i.v. induction with alfaxalone (1 mg/kg bwt). Colts were intubated with an endotracheal tube and 100% oxygen insufflated at 10 l/min. The physiological variables monitored included pulse rate, respiratory rate, direct arterial blood pressure, arterial blood gases and the quality of the inductions and recoveries were scored.

Results: Overall, the anaesthetic period and surgical conditions were acceptable and the quality of the anaesthetic inductions and recoveries was good to excellent. All colts stood on their first attempt (mean ± s.d.) 37 ± 13.5 min after the infusion was stopped. During anaesthesia, cardiopulmonary data, presented as range of mean values at each time point were: heart rate: 45-47 beats/min; mean blood pressure: 104-112 mmHg; respiratory rate: 8 breaths/min; PaO2 : 117-172 mmHg; PaCO2 : 50-56 mmHg and pH 7.34-7.37.

Conclusions and potential relevance: The co-administration of alfaxalone and medetomidine as an i.v. infusion after anaesthetic induction with alfaxalone was suitable for short-term field anaesthesia in the horse.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravenous / veterinary
  • Anesthesia, Intravenous / methods
  • Anesthesia, Intravenous / veterinary*
  • Anesthetics / administration & dosage
  • Anesthetics / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / veterinary
  • Horses / physiology*
  • Horses / surgery
  • Male
  • Medetomidine / administration & dosage
  • Medetomidine / pharmacology*
  • Orchiectomy / veterinary*
  • Pregnanediones / administration & dosage
  • Pregnanediones / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anesthetics
  • Pregnanediones
  • alphaxalone
  • Medetomidine