Objective: To explore the signal transduction mechanisms of apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic rats with fluctuant high blood glucose.
Methods: Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group (A), stable high blood glucose group (B) and fluctuant high blood glucose group (C). Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg), and the fluctuant high blood glucose animal model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ordinary insulin and glucose at different time point every day. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in renal tissue homogenate were detected with colorimetry. The protein expression of Nox4 and JNK were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL).
Results: After 12 experimental weeks, significantly increased cell apoptosis, up-regulation of Nox4 and P-JNK expression in renal tubular epithelial cells were observed in B and C groups compared with those in A group. The MDA content increased and SOD activity decreased in renal tissue in B and C groups. Above effects were more obviously shown in C group.
Conclusion: Fluctuant high blood glucose induced more apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell than stable high blood glucose in diabetic kidney, which might be related to the activation of JNK signal transduction pathway.