Novel agents, combinations and sequences for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: When is the revolution coming?

Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2013 Mar;13(3):313-25. doi: 10.2174/1568009611313030009.

Abstract

Biological agents, such as multikinase inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, have replaced immunotherapy as the standard of care for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Several clinical trials have been performed, aimed to identify new feasible therapeutic targets. AKT, PI3K, STAT3, NOTCH-1, α5β1-integrin, CD70 and G250 are just examples of these opening frontiers. Novel agents, combination and sequences are emerging from the 887 clinical studies presently in course in mRCC to optimize patient outcomes. This report not includes studies on chemotherapy, local approaches, immunotherapy, surgical trials and other categories, but provides an update on ongoing phase I, II and III trials and preliminary results on targeted agents, used alone, in sequences or in combination for mRCC.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / enzymology
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
  • Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
  • Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
  • Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drugs, Investigational / administration & dosage
  • Drugs, Investigational / pharmacology
  • Drugs, Investigational / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Kidney Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy*
  • Neoplasm Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / metabolism
  • Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Drugs, Investigational
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor
  • MTOR protein, human
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases